Third and Fourth Topic

Hey everyone here I'm back to post my second entry which I learned by myself with notes post by my lecturer as I was absent☺. Mainly I'm going to talk about the topics which I well read Evolution of Call and Search Engines and Online Database. 

EVOLUTION OF CALL

Firstly, I posted about Introduction of Call now I would like to talk about The Evolution Of Call which have three stages  Behavioristic Call, Communicative Call and Call. Behaviouristic Call was develepod in 1960s based on behaviouristic learning theory which mostly concentrate towards audio which direct towards repetitive drill and practice. This is focused towards students to make them practice through audio eventually it changed when The Stanford project (1960) changed the method to question and answer section where students type the questions and answers. Later, they compare it with the answer sheet provided. This point I could see that students can rely towards computer to get the information. Teacher do play a role as an educator rather being a person who gives out instructions. From this I could see that students will able to be more independent and learn by themselves. 

ADVANTAGES AND CRITICISM 

ADVANTAGES	CRITICISM
·         Repetition is beneficial for learning ·         Can provide immediate feedback ·         Students can work at their own pace outside the classroom ·         Efficient record keeping	·         The theory was based on Operant Conditioning by B.F. Skinner which became somewhat associated to the training of animals ·         CALL activities should be built on intrinsic motivation and foster interactivity ·         Students are passive respondents, not initiators

Second will be the Communicative Call developed between (1970- 1980). Concentrated on the use of language as opposed to perfect grammar. It also shows punctuation verifiable as opposed to unequivocally. This also enables students to create their own unique articulation and create a situation where the utilization of language winds up noticeably common. Besides that, computer play a role as a tutor where computer helps students to practice non- drill format such as language games, paced reading and many more. Students have the freedom to do whatever they want as computer don't judge. For an example, when I forget some words especially spellings I would search in Google, if I ask others they will surely will be "oh my god this girl"☻. Computer can be a stimulus and tools where student can learn, read and think critically. It gives students variety of way to involve through games, skills and many more. Computer involves tools such as generic software. Word Processor, Excel spreadsheet and others. It could be greatly involve the students performance as it is cheap and available.

Last but not least is Integrate Call where it is integrate the real world materials CALL.  The usage of CD-ROMs which stores large amount of medias and become highly develop through internet. The internet dominate CALL and to access information like images, video and other sources. There's also CMC Computer Mediated Communication which is two communication. Speakers and learners can directly communicate through two way asynchronous and synchronous.

• Asynchronous - Email.

• Synchronous - Talking to someone on the phone.

The criticism involves quality of the authentic material varies between creators and not tailor-made for ESL

Interactions over CMC may be authentic but prone to human mistakes.

As a conclusion,  I could see the development of using computer from nothing to something. Technology do play a big role in our life. Many different and varieties of CALL changes can been seen here. 

SEARCH ENGINES & ONLINE DATABASE

This would be my second topic is search engines and online database WWW ( World Wide Web) to enter keywords and find information on websites contained in its database. Search Engines like Google or Yahoo uses software that collects data from the Web to include in its database. Each search engine has its own database.

Four Parts of a Search Engine

- Database

-Web-Crawlers 

- User Interface 

- Information Retrieval System

• Database 

• Web - Crawlers :- An auto program or bot. Crawl all over the webpage to collect keywords, titles, synonyms, access frequency and relevancy. The information record and stored in database.

• User Interface :- It is a app/site or page where user use to search and result presented.

• Information Retrieval System :- A system used to match the user's query to indexed webpages found in database and result presented in rank according to relevance.

Moreover, there is specialized search engines to search in a specific area . The Webpage database is stored for a specific field. Example, Google Scholar, Education World and many more.

Besides that, there is meta search engine that match the user's query to multiple search engine. For an example, MetaCrawler, Savvy Search and so on.

As a conclusion, search engine and online database is what we use in our daily life to search for information and learn. Technology is very advance and knowledgeable.  

That's all from me for today till the next post.